The Shelter at Dharavi: Documenting Transformations

The following text is a documentation of a neighbourhood in Dharavi, closely connected to URBZ, that has taken steps to nurture its local youth by providing them with a creative space and the tools to learn a variety of invaluable life-long skills. This contribution will briefly showcase the inception of the Shelter at Dharavi, the processes that formed the backbone of its vision, and the children who have embraced the project’s outputs and are beginning to take advantage of the new activities available to them.

The Project’s Inception

The Shelter at Dharavi came into being through a locally-based initiative that was aimed at embracing the children living in New Transit Camp, Social Nagar. A local resident who had been active in the community felt that a particular element was missing; a space for youth to congregate, exchange ideas, create art, play, and learn. His idea was to create a new centre that would be accessible to the community’s youth. The centre would not only provide a space to meet but also a number of organized activities that local children would otherwise not have access to.

Through this grassroots process, the Shelter began to take its root. As the ideas and plans for the centre matured, a decision to construct a building on a recently inherited local plot was made. The local resident who took on the leadership role chose to approach URBZ, asking them to participate and assist local residents in the construction and realisation of their vision. This partnership was welcomed and the subsequent construction of the Shelter as well as the organization of the activities took on a collaborative and participatory methodology.

Soon after the creation of this partnership the Shelter wasted no time in quickly establishing itself as a community hub. A simple building was constructed and soon thereafter the local youth began to fill it. Several volunteers began to work with the Shelter, providing local children with art lessons and other fun afterschool activities. Throughout this time the children and their parents were consulted on what types of programs they would like to see at the Shelter. The results of this simple consultation process called for a fun publicity event, which would soon give way to a great deal of interest in the Shelter from both local residents and individuals from outside of Dharavi. The publicized event would take place over two days and would fittingly be called, Dharavi 48.

The Dharavi 48 Event

Dharavi 48 sparked a great deal of interest from surrounding communities and a number of individuals from outside of Dharavi. Organizers were excited to see an incredible response to the event, as the venue where it was hosted was bursting at the seams. The event showcased the artwork that had been created by local children and also drew upon a number of well-known artists based in Mumbai.

There were also a number of fun activities for all to take part in. Over the course of two days, organizers took participants back and forth from the newly constructed Shelter building and the local community hall, where the larger activities were taking place. Activities ranged from arts & crafts workshops to a lesson and performance by one of Mumbai’s foremost Capoeira experts (traditional Brazilian martial art/dance).

The local children were quite literally able to make their mark on their new centre as exciting painting activities took over the walls of the Shelter.

The event was a great opportunity for us to reach out to more people that came to learn about the Shelter, but most importantly for the children and residents to engage in a 2 day art event that brought people from outside to step into Dharavi for the first time and learn what this place is really about; a place where ambitions are strong, and aspirations are high, where children have an incredible energy and a capacity to learn and swallow the world if given the opportunity, where the world’s future artists and creative minds exist, where people have the will, the strength and heart to make things change for the better by themselves.

It is a place that needs to be legitimized so that people can synergize all their positive energy into working towards their future rather than battling against a system by which they are deemed illegal, by a system that doesn’t collaborate with the residents to understand who they really are, by a system that wants to use a ‘tabula rasa’ approach and force them all to start from zero all over again.

Current Activities

Since the Dharavi 48 event some of the more specialized activities that were to be offered at the Shelter have gained realization. Organizers from the Shelter were approached by individuals who were interested in continuing the highly inspirational Capoeira activities that captivated so many people during Dharavi 48. Another participant from the event came forward with a prop0sal for a formal photography class. Both of these proposals formed the first core set of activities that would be offered at the Shelter.

Photography Classes

Children are currently taking part in photography classes organized by photographer and instructor Alex Copley. The classes, which are run on Wednesday and Sunday each week, will take the children through the fundamentals of photography, teaching them the basics of light, composition, and colour. At current the classes are provided using five donated 35mm film cameras.

The children are split into groups, of which there is one camera for them to use.

Capoeira Classes

The classes in Capoeira teach children agility, respect, and self-control, all within an exhilarating environment of group energy, music, and dance.

The classes are lead by Mumbai’s own Reza Masaah, a renowned expert who offers high-level classes throughout the city. Children decend on the Community Hall every Sunday morning to take part in the classes.

Other Activities

The Shelter is currently open everyday from 1:00pm to 5:00pm, and later during the activities offered on Wednesday and Sunday. Throughout the week, the Shelter is staffed by a local woman who takes the kids through physical fitness exercises and other fun activities, such as arts & crafts and games.

Several activities are currently in the early stages of development; dance classes, formal english lessons, yoga, and further art classes.

Moving Forward

Our vision is to use art as powerful medium for expression, unity, sharing, and unlocking the community youth’s intuitive and creative impulses. We are working towards creating a safe and nurturing platform to free children to think and dream and sense.

Our mission is to continue to facilitate the development of creative initiatives in this space and collaborate in the connections of people to places – in this case a vibrant neighbourhood that is currently being planned without its residents’ participation.

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Architecture Studios

selfREdevelop
Proposal for Dharavi (Mumbai) by a student of the Urban Design Program at Columbia University.

URBZ organizes architectural studios, visits and seminars in partnership with higher education institutions. Since 2009 partners and clients have included Columbia University’s Urban Design Program at the Graduate School of Architecture Planning and Preservation (GSAPP), the Department of Architecture of the University of Pennsylvania (UPenn), the Royal University College of Fine Arts (KKH) in Stockholm, Leibniz University in Hannover, the University of Ferrara (Italy), the Center for Experimental Media Art (CEMA) at Shriti School of Arts in Bangalore,  Sir JJ School of Architecture in Mumbai and the School of Habitat Studies at the Tata Institute of Social Science (TISS) in Mumbai. The studios locations included Dharavi (Mumbai), Mumbai’s Eastern Waterfront and Fontainhas in Goa. In addition to organizing the studio, URBZ provides Web tools to that allow students to archive and disseminate their data and proposals. Please use the side menu to navigate the studios’ pages.


Anuradha Mathur with her students (UPenn) in company of Rahul Srivastava in a field visit on Mumbai’s Eastern Waterfront.

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Dharavi Shelter (Mumbai)

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[Version française]

The Dharavi Shelter is a space dedicated to children and elderly residents living in New Transit Camp Nagar in Dharavi, Mumbai, India.

Dharavi Shelter
Dharavi Shelter
Dharavi Shelter
Drawing workshop at the Dharavi Shelter. Click here for more photos.
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Dharavi’s New Transit Camp is a lively neighbourhood with a diverse population. See more photos.

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URBZ Office in Dharavi NewTransit Camp.
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URBZ members Dipti (architect) and Himanshu S (artist) with Paul Raphael in the back of the Dharavi Shelter, taking about future plans for a bookstore/library with a tea room on top.
Plan for a simple brick structure next to the Shelter which could host a library/bookstore and a small team room on top.
Plan for a simple brick structure next to the Shelter which could host a library/bookstore and a small team room on top.

We are giving art classes to about 50 children every Sunday and would like to expand our activities. In addition to the drawing workshops, we want to screen movies and offer lunch to the children attending the shelter. Subsequently, we would like to offer photography and computer classes. We are looking for support to purchase art material, buy chairs, tables and shelves, offer lunch to 50 to 60 street children every day, hire a part-time animator and build a bookstore/library and a tearoom for all the residents. Even very small amounts can help the shelter a lot. For instance for $2 we can buy a nice crayon box, for $20 we can offer a simple lunch for 60 kids, with $200 we can purchase plastic tables and chairs for the shelter and with $2,000 we can build a new brick structure to host the library!

The context:

Dharavi is one of Mumbai’s most celebrated and misunderstood neighbourhoods. The media often wrongly describes it as the largest slum in Asia. Recently, the award winning movie ‘Slumdog Millionaire’ bestowed lots of global attention on it since several of its defining moments were shot in Dharavi’s dense and labyrinthine streets. Hundreds of thousands of migrants came to Dharavi over four generations ago with little else but a fierce desire to survive and live a life of dignity. Through their enterprise they transformed a piece of marshy land into a highly productive neighbourhood – an economic powerhouse, by all accounts but also a place of cultural hybridization, social emancipation and urbanistic innovation. Unfortunately, the city of Mumbai did not always empathize with Dharavi’s potential. Dharavi still suffers from lack of infra-structural support, continued social prejudices and the exigencies of electoral politics.

URBZ members have been working in Dharavi for a few years, notably organizing participatory workshops and urban design studios, researching and writing about its organic development and its architectural organization, and advocating against the Dharavi Redevelopment Project initiated by the Government of Maharashtra. In February 2008, we launched www.dharavi.org which soon became the most comprehensive source of information on Dharavi and an active social network used by many in Dharavi and from the rest of the world. It was visited 200,000 times since its launch.

In September 2009, we opened an office in New Transit Camp, which is a very dynamic and crowded neighourhood in Dharavi. The population of New Transit Camp is extremely mixed with Christians, Muslims and Hindus, many of whom originally came from the states of Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra and live side by side. Our landlord, Paul Raphael is an active member of the Communal Harmony movement which started after the 1992-1993 Bombay riots. He is deeply involved in the social life of the neighbourhood. Just as we moved into our new office, Paul inherited a 200 m2 plot of land a few meters down the street. He asked us to help create a social club which would host activities for children and the elderly.

We would like to share this project with more people who could help us realize it. Our dream is to see this little patch evolve into a dynamic and animated space in which children, the elderly and all those concerned, use it create a public sphere within Dharavi which demonstrates the special spirit of this unique part of Mumbai’s history. We would also like this space to become a bridge between residents of Dharavi and visitors from outside. Once the basic needs are covered (material for the classes, lunch for the kids and a salary for an animator), we would like to open a team room open to all elderly, youth, locals and outsiders. It goes without saying that all the contributors to the Shelter’s project will be more than welcome to visit us in Dharavi, when they travel to India!

Paul’s motivation of creating this space is a testimony to the willingness of Dharavi residents to improve their living standards. It is very special to see how children respond with so much electric enthusiasm to the tiniest gestures we can make. It will be as special to actually start documenting the experiences of the several elderly residents who have lived in Dharavi all their lives, once the space starts getting used by them as well.

Do help us in any which way you can and come and see this little space grow through your support. Donations can be made by credit card, via our Paypal account (just click on the link below), by check  or by wire transfer via partner organizations in the US and Japan (see instructions).

btn_donateCC_LG

Checks can be written to American India Foundation  which has US tax deductable status (501-C3).  On the left it should say that they are for Asia Initiatives URBZ project. A message should be sent to URBZ giving the amount and date the check sent. The address is given below:

Mr. Venkatesh Raghavendra

CFO, American India Foundation

216, E. 45th Street, 7th Floor,

New York, NY 10017

Alternatively, bank transfers can be made in Japan to Asia Initiatives.  A message should be sent to URBZ giving the amount and date the check sent. The bank transfer information is given below:

Bank Name:  Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation

(ミツイスミトモギンコウ)

Branch:  Roppongi Branch #619

(ロッポンギ シテン)

Account:  Saving

(フツウ)

Account #:  7399351

Account Name:  Tokutei_hieirikatsudo_hojin Asia Initiatives

(トクテイヒエイリカツドウホウジン アジア イニシアティブズ)

THANK YOU!

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Shrishti/CEMA Course (Bangalore)

Course name: User Generated Cities

Location: Mumbai, Bengaluru,Dharavi (Mumbai)

URBZ evolved a programme that included a series of different activities on the theme ‘User Generated Cities’.

Between 7 January 2009 – 27 February 2009, URBZ worked with four graduate students from the Srishti School of Design’s CEMA Programme (Centre for Experimental Media Arts) starting with a stint of fieldwork in Mumbai, wherein they worked closely with the Columbia – JJ Studio in Dharavi, on our Heaps Decent project with Paul Devro and Bappi Lahiri and then on the URBZ system itself, besides spending a good amount of time on readings and discussions about ‘user generated cities’, how to recognize and nurture them.

Details of the Course

Basic Ideas

  • Cities are complex organisms generated by a multiplicity of actors over time
  • Some of the most important information (qualitative and quantitative data) about cities are held at the local level by residents
  • Political will is not enough to produce participatory planning. Tools and methodologies are also required
  • Participatory methodologies and tools should by definition be open and adapted to the local context
  • Participatory technologies such as the Internet open new grounds for urban planning

Misconceptions & Assumptions:

  • People do not have the necessary skills to invest in urban development
  • Urban Planning needs a top-down decision making structure
  • Knowledge about cities lies amongst experts.

Essential Questions:

  • What is the role of creativity and design in enhancing participation?
  • How can Web technologies help stakeholders participate in urban planning projects?
  • How do we best integrate online and offline participatory practices?

Knowledge/ Understandings Gained:

  • How cities are developed, and experienced by its inhabitants
  • How cities are spaces of control and sites of freedom
  • How design promote creativity and participation at the local level

Performance/ Activities/ Skills Acquired:

  • Designing user friendly Web interfaces for various constituencies (using Drupal and CSS)
  • Gathering data at the local level & making data available on the Web (Social communication techniques & field experience in urban neighbourhoods)
  • Web-based strategies to encourage civic participation in planning

Familiarity Gained:

  • Familiarity with actual urban localities in Mumbai and Bangalore.
  • Ability of looking at urban spaces with concepts and tools that translate into planning
  • Ability to organize related processes that can be used by different agencies; developers, municipal governments, community leaders, resident bodies.

Evidence/Testing of Performance:

  • Usability and popularity of interface developed
  • Knowledge gained about specific urban neighbourhoods.

Reading & Surfing List

Alexander, C., April/May 1965, The City is not a Tree, Architectural Forum

Allen, S., Corner, J., 2003, Urban Natures, in The State of Architecture the Beginning of the 21st Century, edited by Tschumi , B., Cheng, I., New York, Monicelli/Columbia

Appadurai, A.,1996, The Production of Locality in Modernity at Large: Cultural Dimensions of Globalization, Minneapolis, University of Minnesota Press

Appadurai A., 2006, The Right to Research, in Globalisation, Societies and Education,

Vol. 4, No. 2, July 2006, pp. 167–177

Berners Lee, T., February 15, 2007, The Mobile Web, Keynote speech at the 3GSM Conference, http://opengardensblog.futuretext.com/archives/2007/02/tim_berners_lee.html

Castells, M., May 9, 2001, Identity & Change in the Network Society”, Interviewed by Harry Kreisler, UC Berkeley, Institute of International Studieshttp://globetrotter.berkeley.edu/people/Castells/castells-con0.html Echanove M., & Srivastava R., Various texts in http://www.airoots.org

Echanove M., & Srivastava R., Various texts in Urban Typhoon Workshop 2006 & 2008, www.urbantyphoon.com (download reports)

Fals-Borda, O., April 8, 2005, Research for Social Justice: Some North-South Convergences, Plenary Address at the Southern Sociological Society Meeting, Atlanta, http://comm-org.wisc.edu/si/falsborda.htm

Freire, P., 2000, Pedagogy of the Oppressed, Continuum International Publishing Group; 30 Anv Sub edition

Johnson, S., 2002, Emergence: the connected lives of ants, brains, cities and software, London, Penguin

Lynch, K., 1984, Good City Form, Cambridge, The MIT Press; Reprint edition

Meier, R. L., 1962, A Communications Theory of Urban Growth, Cambridge, The MIT Press

Mitchell, W., 2003, Me++: The Cyborg Self and the Networked City, Cambridge, The MIT Press

MVRDV, 1999, Metacity Datatown. 010 Publishers

O’Reily, T., June 2004, Open Source Paradigm Shift, http://tim.oreilly.com

Patel, S., May 2004, Tools and methods for empowerment developed by Slum Dwellers Federations in India, SPARC, http://www.sparcindia.org/docs/emptools.pdf

Raymond, E., S., 2001, The Cathedral and the Bazaar, http://www.catb.org

Salingaros, N., Coward, L.A., 2004, The Information Architecture of Cities, Journal of Information Science, Volume 30 No. 2, pp. 107-118, Available at:http://www.math.utsa.edu/sphere/salingar/InfoCities.html

Saskia Sassen, 2001, The global city: strategic site/new frontier, July 2001, GLOBALIZATION–A symposium on the challenges of closer global integrationIndia-Seminar (Journal, July 2001)

Schedule:

Week 1: Jan 7 – 11

  • Reading and surfing

Week 2: Jan 12 – 18

  • Field work in Mumbai with the Columbia GSAPP students

Week 3: Jan 19 – 25

  • Field work in Mumbai
  • Training sessions and workshop with URBZ team

Week 4: Jan 26 – Feb 1

  • Back to Bangalore
  • Start designing a template for URBZ’s Drupal system

Week 5: Feb 2 – 8

  • Design work for URBZ’s Drupal system
  • Training session II with URBZ tea
  • Morning: Participatory Planning strategies (Rahul & Matias)
  • Afternoon: Designing templates for Drupal (Nishit Shah)
  • Meetings with Matias Echanove
  • Lecture 1: Theories of Urban Growth: City as Machine; City as Organism; City as Communication System; Urban Social Movements

Week 6: Feb 9 – 15

  • Design work for URBZ’s Drupal system
  • Meetings with Matias Echanove
  • Lecture 2: Participatory Planning: Potential and Limitations

Week 7: Feb 16 – 22

  • Design work for URBZ’s Drupal system
  • Testing
  • Meetings with Matias Echanove
  • Lecture 3: Learning from the Web: Data Gathering & Processing

Week 8: Feb 23 – 27

  • Implementation and evaluation by URBZ team and Srishti faculty
  • Lecture 4: VirtuReality: Thinking & Desiging Beyond the Screen

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